- MongoDB
- Oracle
- Hadoop
- Sybase
- MySQL
- MS-SQL
MongoDB
MongoDB is free of cost, open-source, cross-platform, and document-oriented database. It is classified as a NoSQL database, Mongo DB avoids the traditional table-based relational database structure in favour of JSON-like documents with dynamic schemas, making the integration of data in certain types of applications easier and faster.
MongoDB supports field, range queries, regular expression searches. Queries can return specific fields of documents and also include user-defined JavaScript functions. Queries can also be configured to return a random sample of results of a given size. Any field in a MongoDB document can be indexed – including within arrays and embedded documents (indices in MongoDB are conceptually similar to those in RDBMSes). Primary and secondary indices are available. MongoDB provides high availability with replica sets. A replica set consists of two or more copies of the data. Each replica set member may act in the role of primary or secondary replica at any time. All writes and reads are done on the primary replica by default. Secondary replicas maintain a copy of the data of the primary using built-in replication. When a primary replica fails, the replica set automatically conducts an election process to determine which secondary should become the primary. Secondaries can optionally serve read operations, but that data is only eventually consistent by default.
Oracle
Oracle Database (commonly referred to as Oracle RDBMS or simply as Oracle) is an object-relational database management system which is produced and marketed by Oracle Corporation. An Oracle database system- identified by an alphanumeric system identifier or SID, comprises of at least one instance of the application, along with data storage. An instance which is identified persistently by an instantiation number (or activation id: SYS.V_$DATABASE.ACTIVATION#) comprises a set of operating-system processes and memory- structures that easily interact with the storage. Typical processes include PMON (the process monitor) and SMON (the system monitor).
Hadoop
Apache Hadoop is an open-source software framework for the distributed storage and distributed processing of very large datasets on computer clusters built from commodity hardware. All the modules in Hadoop are designed with a fundamental assumption that hardware failures are common and should be automatically handled by the framework. The core of Apache Hadoop consists of a storage part, known as Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS), and a processing part called MapReduce. Hadoop splits files into large blocks and distributes them across nodes in a cluster. To process data, Hadoop transfers packaged code for nodes to process in parallel based on the data that needs to be processed. This approach takes advantage of data locality – nodes manipulating the data they have access to – to allow the dataset to be processed faster and more efficiently than it would be in a more conventional supercomputer architecture that relies on a parallel file system where computation and data are distributed via high-speed networking.
Sybase
Sybase is an enterprise software and services company that produces software to manage and analyze information in relational databases. Sybase is a standalone subsidiary of SAP. Sybase products have found extensive application, particularly in commercial, industrial, and military communications systems. Spanish telecommunications operator Airtel uses Sybase Adaptive Server IQ Multiplex (ASIQ) to standardize its business information. Telstra, an Australian telecommunications provider, uses data-visualization software powered by Sybase ASIQ Multiplex to optimize its mobile phone network management capacity. Primark uses Sybase MQSeries Integrator to maximize transaction rates, optimize reliability, and allow customization of inputs and outputs. Sybase claims that its MQSeries Integrator makes it possible to add new data formats to meet the needs of clients, and to accommodate diverse system architectures at client locations. Sybase SQL Anywhere, embedded in Geodyn FxView, is used in two-way communications between military command centers and soldiers in the field.
MySQL
MySQL is a central component of the LAMP open-source web application software stack (and other "AMP" stacks). LAMP is an acronym for "Linux, Apache, MySQL, Perl/ PHP, Python”. Applications that use the MySQL database include TYPO3, MODx, Joomla, WordPress, phpBB, MyBB, and Drupal. MySQL is also used in many high-profile, large-scale websites, including Google, Facebook, Twitter, Flickr, and YouTube. MySQL is written in C and C++. Its SQL parser is written in yacc, but it uses a home-brewed lexical analyser. MySQL works on many system platforms, including AIX, BSDi, HP-UX, eComStation, i5/OS, IRIX, Linux, OS X, Microsoft Windows, NetBSD, Novell NetWare, OpenBSD, OpenSolaris, Symbian, SunOS, SCO OpenServer, SCO UnixWare, Sanos and Tru64. A port of MySQL to OpenVMS also exists.
The MySQL server software itself and the client libraries use dual-licensing distribution. They are offered under GPL version 2, beginning from 28 June 2000 (which in 2009 has been extended with a FLOSS License Exception) or to use a proprietary license.
MS-SQL
Microsoft SQL Server is a relational database management system developed by Microsoft. As a database server, it is a software product with the primary function of storing and retrieving data as requested by other software applications- which may run either on the same computer or on another computer across a network (including the Internet).
Microsoft markets at least a dozen different editions of Microsoft SQL Server, aimed at different audiences and for workloads ranging from small single-machine applications to large Internet-facing applications with many concurrent users.
The protocol layer implements the external interface to SQL Server. All operations that can be invoked on SQL Server are communicated to it via a Microsoft-defined format, called Tabular Data Stream (TDS). TDS is an application layer protocol, used to transfer data between a database server and a client. Initially designed and developed by Sybase Inc. for their Sybase SQL Server relational database engine in 1984, and later by Microsoft in Microsoft SQL Server, TDS packets can be encased in other physical transport dependent protocols, including TCP/ IP, named pipes, and shared memory. Consequently, access to SQL Server is available over these protocols. In addition, the SQL Server API is also exposed over web services.